在有氧和無氧環境中皆能正常生長的壹類微生物.包括腸道細菌，人及許多動物的致病菌、酵母菌及壹些絲狀真菌等，有氧時，通過氧化磷酸化途徑獲取能量；無氧時，菌體的細胞色素和其他呼吸系統組分減少或失去，通過發酵途徑獲得能量.酵母菌屬（Sacharomyces）和大腸桿A菌（Ecoli）是典型的兼性厭氧微生物，前者是生產單細胞蛋M白和酒精的重要工業菌；後者是生物工程研究中的重要工程菌和衛生學檢查的汙染指示菌.In the aerobic and anaerobic environment, the normal growth have encountered a class of micro-organisms. Including bacterial, human and many animal pathogens, yeasts and some filamentous fungi, aerobic, through the means of access to power oxidative phosphorylation ; oxygen, the biomass and other respiratory components of cytochrome reduced or lost, ways to obtain energy by fermentation. yeasts genus (Sacharomyces) and colon bacteria A rod (Ecoli) is a typical facultative anaerobic micro-organisms, the former M is the production of single-cell egg white and alcohol important industrial bacteria; the latter is an important bio-engineering research in engineering bacteria and health examination of pollution indicator bacteria.
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