關鍵詞：文化差異；英語 <BR>由於各民族所處的環境不同，從而產生迥然不同的文化。 Key words: cultural differences; English <BR> Because the environment in which all ethnic groups different, resulting in a very different culture. 中西文化是兩種根本不同類型文化。 Chinese and Western cultures are two fundamentally different types of culture. 漢文化以人本為主體，其本質是壹種典型的內傾性人本文化，表現在重人格，重道德，重創人。 Han culture to the people as the main body, its essence is a typical example of the dumping of human culture, and in the weight personality, heavy moral, hit people. 西方文化則以物本為主體，以自然為本位，傾向於求外在表現，故重創物、重物理，更看重人怎樣來創物。 Of the Western culture while for the main body and the natural-based, tend to seek external performance, the hit-and-physical, but also how to value a person of.
文化對語言的影響主要表現在以下幾方面： The impact of culture on language mainly in the following aspects:
（壹）價值觀念 <BR>價值觀念是文化的核心。 (1) values <BR> values are the core of culture. 西方人重個人價值，強調自我意識，為人處事言語行為無須別人認可，也不追求與人壹致。 Westerners value of the individual, emphasis on self-awareness, people doing things others not authorized speech act, and not consistent with the pursuit. 而中國人群體意識強，獨立意識較弱。 China's strong sense of groups, independent of the weaker. 西方人認為，當別人未求助時主動給予幫助是壹種施舍行為，是對他能力的輕視，甚至是對他人格的侮辱。 Westerners think that when others did not take the initiative to seek help when help is a charity, for his ability to neglect, and even an insult to his personality. 有壹次，壹位外國老婦人到中國來旅遊，提著壹大袋行李，很吃力的樣子，壹個中國小夥子跑過去主動提供幫助，於是發生了下面的這個對話： Once, a foreign woman was to travel to China, carrying large bags of luggage, looks very difficult for a young man ran past China offered help, so this has the following dialogue:
B：Good morning, Can I help you? B: Good morning, Can I help you?
W：What? W: What?
B：Can I carry the case for you,Madam? B: Can I carry the case for you, Madam?
W：I think I can do it myself，thank you W: I think I can do it myself, thank you
老婦人毫不領情地走了，她認為這是對她的輕視。 Not to appreciate the woman who has passed away, she considered that it is her neglect. 而在我們中國人看來，人與人之間的相互關照是人之常情,.是壹種美德。 We in the eyes of Chinese people, the interaction between the people that care for them,. Is a virtue. 中國小夥子呆呆地站在那兒，百思不得其解。 China lads Aiaide stand there, and fail to see. 如果對中西文化稍有了解，或許不會發生那樣的尷尬局面。 If you have some understanding of Chinese and Western cultures, may not happen, the embarrassing situation.
（二）社會心態 <BR>由於生活在不同的文化背景中，各民族人逐步形成了不同的思維方式和社會心態，即使對同壹事物也往往有不同的好惡。 (B) social mentality <BR> because of living in different cultural backgrounds, people of all nationalities have gradually formed a different way of thinking and mentality of the community, even if the same things often have different likes and dislikes. 譬如對什麽是禁忌，什麽是隱私，東西方人表現出很大的差別。 For example, what is taboo and what is privacy, East Westerners demonstrated a great deal of difference. 英美人見面很少問及家庭情況，他們視年齡、收入、財產等為隱私。 Britain and the United States met with the family and asked a few, they are depending on age, income, property, etc. for privacy. 中國人則毫不忌諱談論這些內容。 Chinese people are no taboo about them. 又如，西方人怕老、懼老的心理使他們忌諱使用old, aged等詞。 Also, Westerners Palao, the old psychological fear that they use old taboo, aged words. 為此人們費盡心機地創造了許多稱呼老人的新表達：the advanced in age(上了年紀的人)，the mature the longer living（生活經歷長的人），美國有個永不老合唱團，譯為“never young” 而不是“never old”等。 For this reason people scheming to create a lot of the elderly called the new expression: the advanced in age (the older), the mature the longer living (long life experience), the United States will never have a veteran chorus, translation "never young" rather than "never old." 如果我們的學生有這方面的知識，就不會在與老外的見面的時候說，“how old are you?” “What’s your salary?” 諸如此類難堪的問題。 If our students have the knowledge, they will not meet with foreigners when he, "how old are you?" "What's your salary?" Such embarrassing questions.
（三 ）交際方式 (3) Communication way
英國人見面打招呼的常用方式是談論天氣，如“lovely weather,isn’t it?”或“Hello”“Hi”“Good morning”等。 British common way of meeting notice is talking about the weather, such as the "lovely weather, isn't it?" Or "Hello," "Hi" and "Good morning". 在我國人們常用的寒暄語：“到哪兒去？”“吃飯了嗎？”“最近忙什麽？”若將這些話直譯為英語“Have you eaten?” “Where are you going?”“What are you busy with?”就不是打招呼語了，變成了期待對方回答的問題，譬如“Have you eaten?”對方就會誤認為妳打算請他吃飯。 People commonly used in China's greeting: "Where?" "Eat?" "The recent busy?" If these words for the English translation of "Have you eaten?" "Where are you going?" "What are you busy with? "is not greeted language, and is, looking forward to the other question to answer, such as" Have you eaten? "will mistakenly believe that the other side you intend to invite him for dinner. 這些話只能在某些特定的場合使用，若作為招呼語濫用，有時就會傷害對方的感情。 These words can only use certain occasions, as if prodded language abuse, sometimes hurt each other's feelings. 在英美國家人們道別時說“Bye,drop in again.”等。 People in the country bid farewell to Britain and the United States, said "Bye, drop in again." Etc.. 若按中國人習慣就會說“go slowly”（慢走）“Take care.”（走好）之類的話。 According to the Chinese customs will say "go slowly" (walking), "Take care." (Appropriately take), such remarks. 英美人對此的反應很可能是：“Why should I go slowly? I am strong enough.”似乎中國人小看了他。 British and American people's response is likely to be: "Why should I go slowly? I am strong enough." Chinese people seem to read him small.
（四）語言的表達形式 <BR>語言的結構及使用在壹定程度上受制於該民族的文化。 (4) language expression <BR> structure and the use of language to a certain extent, subject to the national culture. 漢語的詞匯結構和修辭方法與漢文化密切相關，英語同樣與英美文化、歷史有著千絲萬縷的聯系。 Chinese vocabulary structure and rhetorical methods and Han culture is closely related to the same English and Anglo-American culture, history are inextricably linked. 譬如，英語句子中的修飾語可置於被修飾詞前，亦可在其後，這與漢語不同。 For example, in the English sentence modifiers can be placed before the word being modified, or subsequently, and Chinese different. Big enough（足夠大），something important（重要的事情）等，都是將修飾語置後，與漢語語序恰恰相反。 Big enough (big enough), something important (an important issue), which are home to modifiers, and Chinese Order of the contrary. 英語中時間、地點的排列順序習慣從小到大，而漢語則從大到小，如at3:00pm.21st June, 2000（2000年六月二十壹日下午三點） English in the time, place, the customary order from small to large, and the Chinese從大到小, such as at3: 00pm.21st June, 2000 (at 15:00 on June 21, 2000)
英語除了表達方式上的特殊性外，表達的意念有時也是獨特的。 English apart from the particularity of expression, the expression of ideas sometimes unique. 英語常把事實與揣測、祈求、意願等非事實區分開。 English often the facts and speculation, pray, aspirations, and other non-facts on the other. 常常用虛擬語氣來表達壹種願望、假設、懷疑、猜測、建議等，所表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實。 Virtual tone often used to express a wish, assumptions, doubt, speculation, suggestions, the meaning of that is not an objective reality.
文化上的差異反應在語言和交際行為中，而是否理解和懂得這些文化差異、文化制約和交際規則則直接影響交際的成敗。 Cultural differences in language and communication response behavior, and whether understanding and understand these cultural differences, and cultural constraints and the rules of communication is a direct impact on the success or failure of communication. 因此，外語教學不僅僅是要求學生語法正確，還必須使他們了解所學語言國家的文化，使學生既掌握語言技能————聽、說、讀、寫譯等，又掌握交際能力，以適用不同社會的文化環境，避免文化錯誤的產生，從而成功地進行交際。 Therefore, foreign language teaching is not only require students to correct grammar, it is also essential that they understand the language of the national culture, so that students not only master the language skills - listening, speaking, reading and writing, such as translation, master communicative ability to apply different social and cultural environment and avoid the formation of cultural errors, which successfully conducted Communication. 這樣做的好處是：文化知識加深了學生對語言的了解，語言則賦予了文化內涵而更易於理解和掌握。 It has the advantage of: cultural knowledge deepened understanding of the language students, language empowers the cultural connotation and more easy to understand and grasp.
當前外語教學中普遍存在重外語技能、輕文化教育的問題，壹些教師認為英語教學就是教單詞、短語、講授課文和做練習，大部分的學生經過好幾年的英語學習，腦袋中裝滿了單詞和短語，可惜無法說出壹個完整的句子。 Foreign Language Teaching in the current widespread heavy foreign language skills, cultural and educational light of the problem, some teachers think that teaching is the English words, phrases, teaching texts and do exercises, most of the students through the learning of English for a few years, in full head of the word and the phrase, unfortunately can not say a complete sentence. 或者當把課堂上所學的語言知識放在具體的文化環境中，屢犯錯誤不能順利地達到交際的目的。 When the classroom or on the knowledge of the language on the specific cultural environment, mistakes can not be repeated successfully achieve the purpose of communication. 針對上述情況，作為壹名英語教師，幫助學生在學習語言時提高對文化的敏感性，利用他們發自內心的想了解其他民族的興趣和動力，從而提供了學習該民族的語言的基礎。 In response to these developments, as an English teacher to help students in language learning, improve the cultural sensitivity, using them from the bottom of their hearts that the other nations would like to know the interest and motivation, thus providing learning the language of the national foundation.