不僅富人自己不能多捐，如果某個老板呼籲自己的員工給某人捐錢或投票支持他，都是犯法的。因此，想要籌到幾千萬競爭資金，唯壹的辦法是爭取更多選民支持，壹點點募集。所以,中國、公司、大筆捐款，這三條都是犯法的。
我記得以前已經有華人鬧過這種醜聞了。美國的選舉法就是要嚴防少數人企圖用幾個臭錢影響美國的政治。所以我們作為外國人就更別去自討沒趣了。
導入包
In [1]:
import numpy as npimport pandas as pdfrom pandas import Series,DataFrame
方便大家操作，將月份和參選人以及所在政黨進行定義
In [2]:
months = {'JAN' : 1, 'FEB' : 2, 'MAR' : 3, 'APR' : 4, 'MAY' : 5, 'JUN' : 6, 'JUL' : 7, 'AUG' : 8, 'SEP' : 9, 'OCT': 10, 'NOV': 11, 'DEC' : 12}of_interest = ['Obama, Barack', 'Romney, Mitt', 'Santorum, Rick', 'Paul, Ron', 'Gingrich, Newt']parties = { 'Bachmann, Michelle': 'Republican', 'Romney, Mitt': 'Republican', 'Obama, Barack': 'Democrat', "Roemer, Charles E. 'Buddy' III": 'Reform', 'Pawlenty, Timothy': 'Republican', 'Johnson, Gary Earl': 'Libertarian', 'Paul, Ron': 'Republican', 'Santorum, Rick': 'Republican', 'Cain, Herman': 'Republican', 'Gingrich, Newt': 'Republican', 'McCotter, Thaddeus G': 'Republican', 'Huntsman, Jon': 'Republican', 'Perry, Rick': 'Republican' }
讀取文件
In [3]:
table = pd.read_csv('data/usa_election.txt')table.head()
C:\jupyter\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py:2785: DtypeWarning: Columns (6) have mixed types. Specify dtype option on import or set low_memory=False. interactivity=interactivity, compiler=compiler, result=result)
Out[3]:
cmte_id cand_id cand_nm contbr_nm contbr_city contbr_st contbr_zip contbr_employer contbr_occupation contb_receipt_amt contb_receipt_dt receipt_desc memo_cd memo_text form_tp file_num
0 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle HARVEY, WILLIAM MOBILE AL 3.6601e 08 RETIRED RETIRED 250.0 20-JUN-11 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 736166
1 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle HARVEY, WILLIAM MOBILE AL 3.6601e 08 RETIRED RETIRED 50.0 23-JUN-11 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 736166
2 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle SMITH, LANIER LANETT AL 3.68633e 08 INFORMATION REQUESTED INFORMATION REQUESTED 250.0 05-JUL-11 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 749073
3 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle BLEVINS, DARONDA PIGGOTT AR 7.24548e 08 NONE RETIRED 250.0 01-AUG-11 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 749073
4 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle WARDENBURG, HAROLD HOT SPRINGS NATION AR 7.19016e 08 NONE RETIRED 300.0 20-JUN-11 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 736166
In [8]:
#使用map函數 字典，新建壹列各個候選人所在黨派partytable['party'] = table['cand_nm'].map(parties)table.head()
Out[8]:
cmte_id cand_id cand_nm contbr_nm contbr_city contbr_st contbr_zip contbr_employer contbr_occupation contb_receipt_amt contb_receipt_dt receipt_desc memo_cd memo_text form_tp file_num party
0 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle HARVEY, WILLIAM MOBILE AL 3.6601e 08 RETIRED RETIRED 250.0 20-JUN-11 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 736166 Republican
1 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle HARVEY, WILLIAM MOBILE AL 3.6601e 08 RETIRED RETIRED 50.0 23-JUN-11 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 736166 Republican
2 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle SMITH, LANIER LANETT AL 3.68633e 08 INFORMATION REQUESTED INFORMATION REQUESTED 250.0 05-JUL-11 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 749073 Republican
3 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle BLEVINS, DARONDA PIGGOTT AR 7.24548e 08 NONE RETIRED 250.0 01-AUG-11 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 749073 Republican
4 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle WARDENBURG, HAROLD HOT SPRINGS NATION AR 7.19016e 08 NONE RETIRED 300.0 20-JUN-11 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 736166 Republican
In [10]:
#party這壹列中有哪些元素table['party'].unique()
Out[10]:
array(['Republican', 'Democrat', 'Reform', 'Libertarian'], dtype=object)
In [ ]:
#使用value_counts()函數，統計party列中各個元素出現次數，value_counts()是Series中的，無參，返回壹個帶有每個元素出現次數的Series
In [11]:
table['party'].value_counts()
Out[11]:
Democrat 292400Republican 237575Reform 5364Libertarian 702Name: party, dtype: int64
In [12]:
#使用groupby()函數，查看各個黨派收到的政治獻金總數contb_receipt_amttable.groupby(by='party')['contb_receipt_amt'].sum()
Out[12]:
partyDemocrat 8.105758e 07Libertarian 4.132769e 05Reform 3.390338e 05Republican 1.192255e 08Name: contb_receipt_amt, dtype: float64
In [13]:
#查看具體每天各個黨派收到的政治獻金總數contb_receipt_amt 。使用groupby([多個分組參數])table.groupby(by=['party','contb_receipt_dt'])['contb_receipt_amt'].sum()
Out[13]:
party contb_receipt_dtDemocrat 01-AUG-11 175281.00 01-DEC-11 651532.82 01-JAN-12 58098.80 01-JUL-11 165961.00 01-JUN-11 145459.00 01-MAY-11 82644.00 01-NOV-11 122529.87 01-OCT-11 148977.00 01-SEP-11 403297.62 02-AUG-11 164510.11 02-DEC-11 216056.96 02-JAN-12 89743.60 02-JUL-11 17105.00 02-JUN-11 422453.00 02-MAY-11 396675.00 02-NOV-11 147183.81 02-OCT-11 62605.62 02-SEP-11 137948.41 03-AUG-11 147053.02 03-DEC-11 81304.02 03-JAN-12 87406.97 03-JUL-11 5982.00 03-JUN-11 320176.20 03-MAY-11 261819.11 03-NOV-11 119304.56 03-OCT-11 363061.02 03-SEP-11 45598.00 04-APR-11 640235.12 04-AUG-11 598784.23 04-DEC-11 72795.10 ... Republican 29-AUG-11 941769.23 29-DEC-11 428501.42 29-JAN-11 750.00 29-JAN-12 75220.02 29-JUL-11 233423.35 29-JUN-11 1340704.29 29-MAR-11 38875.00 29-MAY-11 8363.20 29-NOV-11 407322.64 29-OCT-11 81924.01 29-SEP-11 1612794.52 30-APR-11 43004.80 30-AUG-11 915548.58 30-DEC-11 492470.45 30-JAN-12 255204.80 30-JUL-11 12249.04 30-JUN-11 2744932.63 30-MAR-11 50240.00 30-MAY-11 17803.60 30-NOV-11 809014.83 30-OCT-11 43913.16 30-SEP-11 4886331.76 31-AUG-11 1017735.02 31-DEC-11 1094376.72 31-JAN-11 6000.00 31-JAN-12 869890.41 31-JUL-11 12781.02 31-MAR-11 62475.00 31-MAY-11 301339.80 31-OCT-11 734601.83Name: contb_receipt_amt, Length: 1183, dtype: float64
In [14]:
def trasform_date(d): day,month,year = d.split('-') month = months[month] return "20" year '-' str(month) '-' day
In [17]:
#將表中日期格式轉換為'yyyy-mm-dd'。日期格式,通過函數加map方式進行轉換table['contb_receipt_dt'] = table['contb_receipt_dt'].apply(trasform_date)
In [18]:
table.head()
Out[18]:
cmte_id cand_id cand_nm contbr_nm contbr_city contbr_st contbr_zip contbr_employer contbr_occupation contb_receipt_amt contb_receipt_dt receipt_desc memo_cd memo_text form_tp file_num party
0 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle HARVEY, WILLIAM MOBILE AL 3.6601e 08 RETIRED RETIRED 250.0 2011-6-20 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 736166 Republican
1 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle HARVEY, WILLIAM MOBILE AL 3.6601e 08 RETIRED RETIRED 50.0 2011-6-23 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 736166 Republican
2 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle SMITH, LANIER LANETT AL 3.68633e 08 INFORMATION REQUESTED INFORMATION REQUESTED 250.0 2011-7-05 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 749073 Republican
3 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle BLEVINS, DARONDA PIGGOTT AR 7.24548e 08 NONE RETIRED 250.0 2011-8-01 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 749073 Republican
4 C00410118 P20002978 Bachmann, Michelle WARDENBURG, HAROLD HOT SPRINGS NATION AR 7.19016e 08 NONE RETIRED 300.0 2011-6-20 NaN NaN NaN SA17A 736166 Republican
In [19]:
#查看老兵(捐獻者職業)DISABLED VETERAN主要支持誰 ：查看老兵們捐贈給誰的錢最多table['contbr_occupation'] == 'DISABLED VETERAN'
Out[19]:
0 False1 False2 False3 False4 False5 False6 False7 False8 False9 False10 False11 False12 False13 False14 False15 False16 False17 False18 False19 False20 False21 False22 False23 False24 False25 False26 False27 False28 False29 False ... 536011 False536012 False536013 False536014 False536015 False536016 False536017 False536018 False536019 False536020 False536021 False536022 False536023 False536024 False536025 False536026 False536027 False536028 False536029 False536030 False536031 False536032 False536033 False536034 False536035 False536036 False536037 False536038 False536039 False536040 FalseName: contbr_occupation, Length: 536041, dtype: bool
In [21]:
old_bing_df = table.loc[table['contbr_occupation'] == 'DISABLED VETERAN']
In [22]:
old_bing_df.groupby(by='cand_nm')['contb_receipt_amt'].sum()
Out[22]:
cand_nmCain, Herman 300.00Obama, Barack 4205.00Paul, Ron 2425.49Santorum, Rick 250.00Name: contb_receipt_amt, dtype: float64
In [23]:
table['contb_receipt_amt'].max()
Out[23]:
1944042.43
In [24]:
#找出候選人的捐贈者中，捐贈金額最大的人的職業以及捐獻額 .通過query("查詢條件來查找捐獻人職業")table.query('contb_receipt_amt == 1944042.43')
Out[24]:
cmte_id cand_id cand_nm contbr_nm contbr_city contbr_st contbr_zip contbr_employer contbr_occupation contb_receipt_amt contb_receipt_dt receipt_desc memo_cd memo_text form_tp file_num party
176127 C00431445 P80003338 Obama, Barack OBAMA VICTORY FUND 2012 - UNITEMIZED CHICAGO IL 60680 NaN NaN 1944042.43 2011-12-31 NaN X * SA18 763233 Democrat
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