如何使用Ansible 2.0 Python API

2.0 之前的調用 from ansible import callbacks from ansible import utils from ansible.playbook import PlayBook stats = callbacks.AggregateStats() callback = callbacks.PlaybookCallbacks() runner_callbacks = callbacks.PlaybookRunnerCallbacks(stats) pb = ansible.playbook.PlayBook( playbook="tasks.yml", stats=stats, callbacks=playbook_cb, runner_callbacks=runner_cb, check=True ) pb.run() 2.0 之後的調用 import json from ansible.parsing.dataloader import DataLoader from ansible.vars import VariableManager from ansible.inventory import Inventory from ansible.playbook.play import Play from ansible.executor.task_queue_manager import TaskQueueManager from ansible.executor.playbook_executor import PlaybookExecutor loader = DataLoader() # 用來加載解析yaml文件或JSON內容,並且支持vault的解密 variable_manager = VariableManager() # 管理變量的類,包括主機,組,擴展等變量,之前版本是在 inventory 中的 inventory = Inventory(loader=loader, variable_manager=variable_manager) variable_manager.set_inventory(inventory) # 根據 inventory 加載對應變量 class Options(object): ''' 這是壹個公***的類,因為ad-hoc和playbook都需要壹個options參數 並且所需要擁有不同的屬性,但是大部分屬性都可以返回None或False 因此用這樣的壹個類來省去初始化大壹堆的空值的屬性 ''' def __init__(self): self.connection = "local" self.forks = 1 self.check = False def __getattr__(self, name): return None options = Options() def run_playbook(): playbooks=['task.yaml'] # 這裏是壹個列表, 因此可以運行多個playbook variable_manager.extra_vars={"ansible_ssh_user":"root" , "ansible_ssh_pass":"xxx"} # 增加外部變量 pb = PlaybookExecutor(playbooks=playbooks, inventory=inventory, variable_manager=variable_manager, loader=loader, options=options, passwords=None) result = pb.run() print result if __name__ == '__main__': run_playbook()

如果不想使用 inventory 文件或者想使用動態的 inventory, 則可以使用 host_list 參數代替

import ansible.runner import json runner = ansible.runner.Runner( host_list=["10.10.0.1"], # 這裏如果明確指定主機需要傳遞壹個列表, 或者指定動態inventory腳本 module_name='ping', # 模塊名 module_args='', # 模塊參數 extra_vars={"ansible_ssh_user":"root","ansible_ssh_pass":"xx"}, forks=10 ) datastructure = runner.run() data = json.dumps(datastructure,indent=4) 2.0 之後的調用 import json from ansible.parsing.dataloader import DataLoader from ansible.vars import VariableManager from ansible.inventory import Inventory from ansible.playbook.play import Play from ansible.executor.task_queue_manager import TaskQueueManager from ansible.executor.playbook_executor import PlaybookExecutor loader = DataLoader() # 用來加載解析yaml文件或JSON內容,並且支持vault的解密 variable_manager = VariableManager() # 管理變量的類,包括主機,組,擴展等變量,之前版本是在 inventory 中的 inventory = Inventory(loader=loader, variable_manager=variable_manager) variable_manager.set_inventory(inventory) # 根據 inventory 加載對應變量 class Options(object): ''' 這是壹個公***的類,因為ad-hoc和playbook都需要壹個options參數 並且所需要擁有不同的屬性,但是大部分屬性都可以返回None或False 因此用這樣的壹個類來省去初始化大壹堆的空值的屬性 ''' def __init__(self): self.connection = "local" self.forks = 1 self.check = False def __getattr__(self, name): return None options = Options() def run_adhoc(): variable_manager.extra_vars={"ansible_ssh_user":"root" , "ansible_ssh_pass":"xxx"} # 增加外部變量 # 構建pb, 這裏很有意思, 新版本運行ad-hoc或playbook都需要構建這樣的pb, 只是最後調用play的類不壹樣 # :param name: 任務名,類似playbook中tasks中的name # :param hosts: playbook中的hosts # :param tasks: playbook中的tasks, 其實這就是playbook的語法, 因為tasks的值是個列表,因此可以寫入多個task play_source = {"name":"Ansible Ad-Hoc","hosts":"10.10.0.1","gather_facts":"no","tasks":[{"action":{"module":"shell","args":"w"}}]} play = Play().load(play_source, variable_manager=variable_manager, loader=loader) tqm = None try: tqm = TaskQueueManager( inventory=inventory, variable_manager=variable_manager, loader=loader, options=options, passwords=None, stdout_callback='minimal', run_tree=False, ) result = tqm.run(play) print result finally: if tqm is not None: tqm.cleanup() if __name__ == '__main__': run_adhoc() Playbook

playbook 則類似於 SaltStack 中的 state

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